News Events
April 1, 2007
Escape scientist develops a novel enhanced formulation of botulinum toxin.
In previous studies, researchers demonstrated that epinephrine decreases the absorption of local anesthetics while
enhancing their potency. Dr. Basil M. Hantash, an Instructor in the Department of Dermatology and Division of
Plastic Surgery at Stanford University, completed a split-face randomized double-blind
study to determine the
effect of epinephrine on the efficacy of botulinum toxin treatment of muscle hyperactivity in the upper face.
The effect of botulinum toxin on periorbital muscle activity was compared to botulinum toxin plus epinephrine.
The data suggests that addition of epinephrine or other adrenergic modulators and/or vasoconstrictors may accelerate
the rate of onset as well as the short term efficacy of botulinum toxin for treatment of periorbital rhytides.